State reagents and conditions for making alcohols from alkenes, halogenoalkanes, aldehydes, ketones, acids, and esters, and describe their combustion.
State the reactions (reagents and conditions) by which alcohols can be produced: (a) electrophilic addition of steam to an alkene, H2O(g) and H3PO4 catalyst (b) reaction of alkenes with cold dilute acidified potassium manganate(VII) to form a diol (c) substitution of a halogenoalkane using NaOH (aq) and heat (d) reduction of an aldehyde or ketone using NaBH4 or LiAlH4 (e) reduction of a carboxylic acid using LiAlH4 (f) hydrolysis of an ester using dilute acid or dilute alkali and heat describe the reaction with oxygen (combustion) of organic hydroxy compounds.