Identify functional groups and predict major halogenoalkane products from reaction conditions.
Explain the organic functional groups involved in a simple halogenoalkane synthesis, and predict the major product(s) based on the reaction conditions. (this includes: a) the free-radical substitution of alkanes by Cl or Br in the presence of ultraviolet light, as exemplified by the reactions of ethane. b) Electrophilic addition of an alkene with a halogen, X2, or hydrogen halide, HX(g), at room temperature. c) substitution of an alcohol, e.g. by reaction with HX or KBr with H2SO4 or H3PO4; or with PCl3 and heat; or with PCl5; or with SOCl2).